gov.noaa.nodc:0145160 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-11-29T06:11:01Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, phosphate, silicate, and other variables collected from profile and discrete sample observations using CTD, Niskin bottle and other instruments in the northwest coast of the United States near the Chá Bă mooring off La Push, Washington from 2011-05-22 to 2014-10-24 (NCEI Accession 0145160) 2016-11-03 publication 2016-03-07 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.7289/v5b27sbj NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0145160 NCEI Archive Management System 0145160 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Simone R. Alin NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) simone.r.alin@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Simone R. Alin NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) simone.r.alin@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Jan Newton University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) janewton@uw.edu http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Adrienne Sutton NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Adrienne.Sutton@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator John Mickett University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) mickett@uw.edu http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Alin, Simone R. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Newton, Jan University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information author Sutton, Adrienne J. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Mickett, John University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information author University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information contributor NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset contains validation samples for moored time-series observations of ocean acidification water chemistry. This dataset includes temperature and salinity data from CTD sensors and dissolved inorganic carbon concentration, total alkalinity, and nutrient data from Niskin bottle samples collected at the same times and places. Samples were collected on eight cruises conducted between May 2011 and October 2014 on various vessels to service the Chá Bă ocean acidification mooring off La Push, Washington. This dataset is a subset of a larger dataset of observations collected from Washington coastal waters, in the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and within Puget Sound that will be submitted to NCEI in the future. The larger dataset spans the time window of February 2008 to October 2014. The major objectives of the cruise were: 1) To service the Cha Ba mooring located off La Push, Washington, which is partially funded by the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program to collect observations relevant to ocean acidification conditions in the field; 2) To collect discrete samples for validation of field time-series observations of pH and other variables relevant to ocean acidification. Funding Information: NOAA Ocean Acidification Program (Sustaining OA Measurements on the Washington Coast NANOOS NEMO Moorings, OAP15.01.EPIO.002) Funding Information: NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program (West Coast Ocean Acidification Monitoring Network: Moorings Operations, OAPFY13.03.PMEL.001) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0145160 Preview graphic PNG 0145160 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2016-03-01 publication DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) phosphate SALINITY silicate total alkalinity WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS bottle coulometer for DIC measurement CTD titrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS discrete sample profile time series time series profile theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS R/V Melville R/V THOMAS G. THOMPSON platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NODC Ocean Acidification Scientific Data Stewardship (OADS) US DOC; NOAA; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS West Coast - US/Canada place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce UWA/APL > Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NSF/SFSU 06-2014 UW PRISM 10-2011 UW/ChaBa 01-2013 UW/ChaBa 05-2011 UW/NANOOS 04-2013 UW/NANOOS 05-2012 project Cruise ID 325020110522 project EXPOCODE Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Discrete measurement Profile Time series theme OCADS Study Type NANOOS UW Mooring, Chá Bă theme Provider Keywords CTD SAL CTD TEMP DIC umol/kg PRESS (DB) Phosphate umol/kg Silicate umol/kg TA umol/kg theme Provider Variable Abbreviations COULOMETERS CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian MELVILLE (call sign: WECB, ICES code: 318M, 1969-) THOMAS G. THOMPSON (call sign: KTDQ, ICES code: 3250, 1991-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian California Current System LaPush, WA U.S. West Coast place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Alin, Simone R.; Newton, Jan; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Mickett, John (2016). Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, phosphate, silicate, and other variables collected from profile and discrete sample observations using CTD, Niskin bottle and other instruments in the northwest coast of the United States near the Chá Bă mooring off La Push, Washington from 2011-05-22 to 2014-10-24 (NCEI Accession 0145160). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.7289/v5b27sbj. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program Mooring Chá Bă (Buoy Position: 47.97°N, 124.95°W) 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Moorings/LaPush.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/Moorings/LaPush.html related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project Sutton, Adrienne J.; Sabine, Christopher L.; Newton, Jan; Mickett, John; Musielewicz, Sylvia; Maenner Jones, Stacy; Dietrich, Colin; Bott, Randy; Osborne, John (2012). High-resolution ocean and atmosphere pCO2 time-series measurements from mooring Chá Bă (LaPush_125W_48N) in the Pacific Ocean (NCEI Accession 0100072). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.tsm_lapush_125w_48n. 2012-12-07 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.tsm_lapush_125w_48n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0100072 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0100072.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0100072.html Related data information Sutton, Adrienne J. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Sabine, Christopher L. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Newton, Jan University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information author Mickett, John University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) http://www.apl.washington.edu/ HTTP University of Washington, Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) website Institution web page information author Musielewicz, Sylvia University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) sylvia.musielewicz@noaa.gov https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information author Maenner Jones, Stacy NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) stacy.maenner@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Dietrich, Colin NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Bott, Randy NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Osborne, John University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website Institution web page information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher tableDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -124.951 -124.949 47.961 47.975 2011-05-22 2014-10-24 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 0.268 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0145160.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.7289/v5b27sbj HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/145160 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/145160 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0099/0145160/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0145160 v1.1 was published. 2016-11-03T16:18:11Z NCEI Accession 0145160 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0145160/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0145160 v1.1 published 2016-11-03T16:18:11Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC umol/kg; Unit: micromol/kg; Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Two systems consisting of a coulometer (UIC Inc.) coupled with a Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Extractor (DICE) inlet system. DICE was developed by Esa Peltola and Denis Investigatorerrot of NOAA/AOML and Dana Greeley of NOAA/PMEL to modernize a carbon extractor called SOMMA (Johnson et al. 1985, 1987, 1993, and 1999; Johnson 1992); Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Samples for DIC measurements were drawn according to procedures outlined in the 2007 InvestigatorCES Special Publication, Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements, from Niskin bottles into 310 ml borosilicate glass flasks using silicone tubing. The flasks were rinsed once and filled from the bottom with care not to entrain any bubbles, overflowing by at least one-half volume. The sample tube was Investigatornched off and withdrawn, creating a ~7.5 ml headspace and 0.133 ml of saturated HgCl2 solution was added as a preservative. The sample bottles were then sealed with glass stoppers lightly covered with AInvestigatorezon-L grease. DIC samples were collected from variety of depths with approximately 10% of these samples taken as duplicates. The accuracy of the DICE measurement is determined with the use of standards (Certified Reference Materials (CRMs), consisting of filtered and UV irradiated seawater) supplied by Dr. Andrew Dickson of Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). The CRM accuracy is determined manometrically on land in San Diego and the DIC data reported to the database have been corrected to the appropriate certified batch value.; Replicate information: Duplicate samples were collected from approximately 10% of the Niskins sampled, as a check of our precision. These replicate samples were interspersed throughout the station analysis for quality assurance and integrity of the coulometer cell solutions. The average absolute difference from the mean of these replicates is 0.75 umol/kg. No systematic differences between the replicates were observed.; Standardization description: Each coulometer was calibrated by injecting aliquots of pure CO2 (99.999%) by means of an 8-port valve (Wilke et al., 1993) outfitted with two calibrated sample loops of different sizes (~1ml and ~2ml). The instruments were each separately calibrated at the beginning of each cell with a minimum of two sets of these gas loop injections and then again at the end of each cell to ensure no drift during the life of the cell.; Standardization frequency: 1) Gas loops were run at the beginning and end of each cell; 2) CRM supplied by Dr. A. Dickson of SIO, were measured near the beginning; and 3) Duplicate samples were tyInvestigatorcally run throughout the life of the cell solution.; CRM manufacturer: Dr. Andrew Dickson (Scripps Institution of Oceanography); CRM batch number: Various; Preservation method: Mercuric Chloride Solution; Preservative volume: 0.12 ml; Preservative correction: The DIC values were corrected for dilution by 0.12 ml of saturated HgCl2 used for sample preservation. The total water volume of the sample bottles was 302.55 ml. The correction factor used for dilution was 1.0004.; Uncertainty: plus/minus 0.1%; Quality flag convention: DIC_QC, WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value, 5 = value not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn.; Method reference: Dickson, A.G., C.L. Sabine, and J.R. Christian (eds.). 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements. InvestigatorCES Special Publication 3, 191 pp. Johnson, K.M., A.E. King, and J. McN. Sieburth. 1985. Coulometric DIC analyses for marine studies: An introduction. Mar. Chem., 16, 61-82. Johnson, K.M., P.J. Williams, L. Brandstrom, and J. McN. Sieburth. 1987. Coulometric total carbon analysis for marine studies: Automation and calibration. Mar. Chem., 21, 117-133. Johnson, K.M. 1992. Operator's manual: Single operator multiparameter metabolic analyzer (SOMMA) for total carbon dioxide (CT) with coulometric detection. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Brookhaven, N.Y., 70 pp. Johnson, K.M., K.D. Wills, D.B. Butler, W.K. Johnson, and C.S. Wong. 1993. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Maximizing the performance of an automated continuous gas extraction system and coulometric detector. Mar. Chem., 44, 167-189. Johnson, K.M., Kortzinger, A.; Mintrop, L.; Duinker, J.C.; and Wallace, D.W.R. 1999. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Measurement and internal consistency of underway surface TCO2 concentrations. Marine Chemistry 67(1):123-144.; Researcher name: Dana Greeley; Researcher institution: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: TA umol/kg; Unit: micromol/kg; Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Analyzing instrument: Custom instrument, built at PMEL and modeled after an earlier generation of those made in Dr. Andrew Dickson's lab.; Type of titration: Two-stage, potentiometric, open-cell titration using coulometrically analyzed hydrochloric acid; Cell type (open or closed): Open; Curve fitting method: Non-linear least squares; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater total alkalinity (TA) was measured by acidimetric titration. The specific method used was based upon the open-cell method described by Dickson et al (2003). This method involves first acidifying the sample to reduce the sample pH to less than 3.6 followed by bubbling CO2-free air through the sample to facilitate removal of the CO2 evolved by the acid addition. After removal of the carbonate species from solution, the titration proceeds until a pH of less than 3.0 is attained, and the equivalence point evaluated from titration points in the pH region 3.0-3.5 using a non-linear least squares procedure that corrects for the reactions with sulfate and fluoride ions (Dickson et al. 2003). Titration progress is monitored by measuring the electromotive force (E) of a combination glass-reference electrode. Samples were drawn from the Niskin-type bottles into cleaned 250-ml borosilicate glass bottles using Tygon tubing with silicone ends. Bottles were rinsed twice and filled from the bottom, overflowing half a volume and taking care not to entrain any bubbles. The sample tube was closed off and withdrawn from the sample bottle, creating a 5 ml headspace. Samples were preserved by poisoning with 0.12 ml of a saturated HgCl2 solution. Sample bottles were sealed with glass stoppers lightly coated with AInvestigatorezon-L grease, and were stored at room temperature (21-25 degrees Celsius) for a maximum of 12 hours prior to analysis. Titrations were carried out in water-jacketed, 250-ml beakers. The beakers were kept at 24.0 plus/minus 0.2 degrees Celsius with water from a constant temperature bath. Prior to analysis, samples were placed in the water bath to bring them to the same temperature as the reaction beakers. Seawater samples were dispensed into the water-jacketed beaker using a fixed-volume glass syringe. A Metrohm Dosimat 765 was used to deliver acid to the sample beaker in increments of 0.040 ml. The acid titrant used was 0.1 mol/kg HCl prepared in 0.6 mol/kg NaCl background to approximate the ionic strength of seawater (0.7 mol/kg). Instrument control and data acquisition was with custom software developed in Andrew Dickson's laboratory at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and modified by a former employee of the NOAA/PMEL Carbon Group using the National Instruments LabView programming environment. TyInvestigatorcal titrations were completed in 10-14 minutes and required 20-24 acid additions to reach a pH of 3.0. 838 values were reported to the database.; Replicate information: We collected and analyzed duplicate samples from approximately 10% of the Niskins sampled.; Standardization description: Analytical accuracy was assessed by periodic analysis of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs). CRMs were analyzed approximately every 24 samples. The average offset for samples run on our analytical systems is less than 2 umol/kg.; Standardization frequency: All values were directly measured with reference to Certified Reference Material (Dickson, SIO); CRM manufacturer: Dr. Andrew Dickson's lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: Various; Preservation method: Mercuric Chloride Solution; Preservative volume: 0.12 ml; Preservative correction: The TA values were corrected for dilution by 0.12 ml of saturated HgCl2 used for sample preservation.; TA blank correction: n.a.; Uncertainty: The precision of this method is better than 0.1% and accuracy is 0.1%.; Quality flag convention: TA_QC, WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value, 5 = value not reported, 6 = mean of replicate measurements, 9 = sample not drawn.; Method reference: Bates, R.G. Determination of pH. Theory and Practice. A Wiley-Interscience Publication, Second Edition. Dickson A.G. (1981). An exact definition of total alkalinity, and a procedure for the estimation of alkalinity and total inorganic carbon from titration data. Deep-Sea Res. 28, 609-623. Dickson A.G. (1992). The development of the alkalinity concept in marine chemistry. Marine chemistry 40:1-21-2, 49-63. Dickson, A. G., Afghan, J. D. and Anderson, G. C. (2003). Reference materials for oceanic CO2 analysis: A method for the certification of total alkalinity. Marine Chemistry 80, 185-197 Gran G. (1952). Determination of the equivalence point in potentiometric titrations. Part II. The analyst, 77, 661-671. Wolf-Gladrow, D.A. et al. (2007). Total alkalinity: The explicit conservative expression and its application to biogeochemical process.; Researcher name: Morgan Ostendorf and Julian Herndon; Researcher institution: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Parameter or Variable: CTD pressure; Abbreviation: PRESS (DB); Unit: dbars (=decibars); Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Sea-Bird 9plus CTD; Researcher name: Jan Newton and John Mickett; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: CTD temperature, ITS-90 scale; Abbreviation: CTD TEMP; Unit: degrees celsius, ITS-90 scale; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Researcher name: Jan Newton and John Mickett; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: CTD salinity; Abbreviation: CTD SAL; Unit: 1978 Practical Salinity Scale; Observation type: profile; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Calculated from conductivity measurements.; Sampling instrument: Sea-Bird 4 conductivity sensor; Researcher name: Jan Newton and John Mickett; Researcher institution: University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory Parameter or Variable: phosphate; Abbreviation: Phosphate umol/kg; Unit: micromol/kg; Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Researcher name: Kathy Krogsland; Researcher institution: University of Washington School of Oceanography Parameter or Variable: Orthosilicic acid; Abbreviation: Silicate umol/kg; Unit: micromol/kg; Observation type: Discrete measurements from samples collected on CTD casts; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; Researcher name: Kathy Krogsland; Researcher institution: University of Washington School of Oceanography asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian bottle bottle any type of water bottle sampling device Generic name for water collection device; usually used to determine temperature, salinity and provide water aliquots for measurement of a wide range of parameters; often referred to by a specific type of water sampling bottle, such as a Nansen or Niskin bottle. coulometer for DIC measurement coulometer for DIC measurement measures dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) A known amount of seawater is dispensed into a stripping chamber where it is acidified and purged with an inert gas. The amount of CO2 in the resulting gas stream is determined by absorbing the CO2 in an absorbent. The pH of the solution is monitored by measuring the transmittance . CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe titrator titrator titrator R/V Melville Hull Classification: AGOR-14. It is a research vessel operated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Commissioned on 10 July 1968 and the current status is active. https://scripps.ucsd.edu/ships/melville R/V THOMAS G. THOMPSON Use this platform for data attributed to R/V Thomas G. Thompson that were collected between July 1991 and present. R/V Thomas G. Thompson (AGOR-23) Owned by US Navy, leased to University of Washington. Active dates: July 1991 (Source: http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/57/5723.htm, last accessed on 20 Dec 2011)