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          The NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals CD-ROM Data Set, produced by NGDC and partially funded by INTERMAR, contains the entire NGDC Marine Minerals Bibliography and Geochemical Database and several data files compiled by other organizations. The bibliography is searchable on-line on NGDC's web server. 
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                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
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                            <gmd:URL>https://data.noaa.gov/metaview/page?xml=NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC/Collection/iso/xml/Marine_Geology.xml&amp;view=getDataView&amp;header=none</gmd:URL>
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          <gmd:initiativeType>
            <gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#DS_InitiativeTypeCode;" codeListValue="collection">collection</gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode>
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      </gmd:aggregationInfo>
      <gmd:aggregationInfo xlink:title=" NOAA/NCEI Marine Geology WAF ">
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              <gmd:title>
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                  <gmd:dateType>
                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication" />
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                  <gmd:role>
                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="author">author</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
                  </gmd:role>
                </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
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              <gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                  <gmd:organisationName gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                  <gmd:contactInfo>
                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC/MGG/Geology/iso/</gmd:URL>
                          </gmd:linkage>
                          <gmd:protocol>
                            <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:protocol>
                          <gmd:applicationProfile>
                            <gco:CharacterString>Web Browser</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:applicationProfile>
                          <gmd:name>
                            <gco:CharacterString>Marine geology metadata records.</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="search">search</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
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            </gmd:CI_Citation>
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            <gmd:DS_AssociationTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#DS_AssociationTypeCode" codeListValue="crossReference">crossReference</gmd:DS_AssociationTypeCode>
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          <gmd:initiativeType>
            <gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#DS_InitiativeTypeCode" codeListValue="collection">collection</gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode>
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      <gmd:spatialRepresentationType>
        <gmd:MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode" codeListValue="vector">vector</gmd:MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode>
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            <!-- not all references include location information, vertical is meters where given in reference, horizontal is in degrees where given. -->
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      </gmd:spatialResolution>
      <gmd:language>
        <gmd:LanguageCode codeList="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/English_list.php" codeListValue="eng: USA">eng; USA</gmd:LanguageCode>
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        <gmd:MD_CharacterSetCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode" codeListValue="UTF8">UTF8</gmd:MD_CharacterSetCode>
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      <gmd:topicCategory>
        <gmd:MD_TopicCategoryCode>oceans</gmd:MD_TopicCategoryCode>
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        <gco:CharacterString>Native Dataset Environment: ASCII text</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Global Ocean</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:temporalElement>
            <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent id="boundingTemporalExtent">
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                  <gml:beginPosition>1876-01-01</gml:beginPosition>
                  <gml:endPosition>1991-12-31</gml:endPosition>
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          <gmd:verticalElement>
            <gmd:EX_VerticalExtent id="boundingVerticalExtent">
              <gmd:minimumValue>
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              <gmd:verticalCRS gco:nilReason="missing" />
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      <gmd:supplementalInformation>
        <gco:CharacterString>In July of 1992 NGDC transferred, on permanent loan, the collection of documents collected for the NGDC Marine Minerals Bibliography to the Marine  Minerals Technology Center (MMTC), Ocean Basins Division, in Hawaii to facilitate public access to the collection. (Marine Minerals Technology Center, Ocean Basins Division, University of Hawaii, Look Laboratory, 811 Olomehani Street, Honolulu, HI  96814, 808-522-5611). Conditions of transfer were that the collection will be kept as a discrete set, filed according to the MMBIB number, in order to facilitate its use with the computerized NGDC Marine Minerals Bibliography and Geochemical Data Base, and will remain in the public domain, with free access (not duplication) provided to all interested parties. Publications generated using the collection are required to cite the NGDC Marine Minerals Bibliography as a source of information, including reference to NOAA/NGDC, and to the project sponsors, MMS/INTERMAR and  NOAA/NOS/OMED. The United Nations-sponsored International Seabed Authority (ISA) has reworked most of the geochemical data from this CD-ROM set and is also updating/maintaining the bibliography with enhancements.  Both are available online through the ISA central data repository.</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:RecordType>A digital data set containing bibliographic information and key words from a controlled vocabulary for marine mineral deposits of several types.</gco:RecordType>
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      <gmd:contentType>
        <gmd:MD_CoverageContentTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_CoverageContentTypeCode" codeListValue="code">point</gmd:MD_CoverageContentTypeCode>
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            <gco:Real>1991</gco:Real>
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          <gmd:units gco:nilReason="unknown" />
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    </gmi:MI_CoverageDescription>
  </gmd:contentInfo>
  <gmd:contentInfo>
    <gmi:MI_CoverageDescription>
      <gmd:attributeDescription>
        <gco:RecordType>An entry in the bibliography describing the contents of an article pertaining to marine mineral deposits in a standardized form using key words from a controlled vocabulary. Definitions are from the original instructions given to coders at NGDC.</gco:RecordType>
      </gmd:attributeDescription>
      <gmd:contentType>
        <gmd:MD_CoverageContentTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_CoverageContentTypeCode" codeListValue="code">point</gmd:MD_CoverageContentTypeCode>
      </gmd:contentType>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>MMBIB Identifier</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>A unique identifier for a reference within the NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography consisting of the first four letters of the (first) author last name, followed by the first letter of the (first) author first name, then the first letter of the (first) author middle name (a if no middle name), then the last two digits of the year of publication, then a two digit sequence number within the year.  E.g., CRONTM8301 (Cronin, T.M., 1983).  The MMBIB is also used to cross-reference source articles with geochemical data in the NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemistry database.  This convention has been continued by the International Seabed Authority (ISA) in their bibliography and geochemical databases which are partially derived from the NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Bibliography and Database.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>AAAAAA0001 - ZZZZZZ9999</gco:Record>
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        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Author</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The author(s) of the reference</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
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      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Title</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The title of the reference</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>In</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The title of the encompassing reference if the article is within a composite volume</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Serial</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The name of a series (journal, special publication series, etc.) of which the reference is a part</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Volume</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The number, issue, or other designator for a volume within a series.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Pages</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The page numbers within an encompassing publication occupied by the reference.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Crossreference</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Indication of a cross reference</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Part of MMBIB</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The MMBIB Identifier of an encompassing work of which this reference is part.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>This is not a predefined set of values.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Publication Type</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The MMBIB Identifier of an encompassing work of which this reference is part.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Composite volume,</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Language</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The language in which the reference is written.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Name of language.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Deposit type</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Type:  Refers to the type of deposit being described on this form - more than one form is required (1 per type) if more than one relevant type of deposit is treated in the article. Deposit - Refers to an actual concentration of Manganese (crust, pavement, micronodules, nodules, etc.),  Phosphorite (nodules, layers, massive deposits), Placer (Placer or Heavy Mineral study on a continental shelf or other insular margin less than 200 meters water depth - deposits where the only heavy mineral mentioned is pyrite do not qualify as heavy mineral/placer), or Polymetallic Sulfides (veins, stockwork, layers, massive sulfides, etc.) associated with hydrothermal systems in the ocean.  Where the sulfides are finely disseminated in a hard rock rather than isolated as significant veins, etc., it is not considered to be a polymetallic sulfide deposit for purposes of this bibliography. This does not include disseminated Mn or Sulfides in sediments (including pyrite) unless closely associated with a hydrothermal vent or ridge system. It also does not include mn, sulfate, sulfide, phosphorus or phosphate dissolved in the water column, or phosphorus/phosphate disseminated in sediment.  'Phosphorite' is a specific term referring to a rock of higher than a certain % phosphorus - we don't draw a line because the % varies. Phosphorus is an element, and phosphates are a group of compounds - we are interested in 'phosphorites' or 'phosphate-rich' rocks, sand, gravel, pebbles, cobbles, crusts, or layers.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/geology/mmdb/mmbibdoc.html-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>MN: Manganese/Ferromanganese</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>PH: Phosphorite</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>HM: Heavy Mineral/Placer</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>PS: Polymetallic Sulfide</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Relevance 1</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Whole Article - refers to whether the type of mineral deposit on this form was the main subject of the article, or was only mentioned as a secondary (less important) subject.  If any one chapter in a multiauthor volume has a relevance of P, then the entire multiauthor volume should be given a relevance of P for that deposit type.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>P = Primary Topic of Article</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>S = Secondary Topic of Article</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Relevance 2</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>For 1 digit fields - refers to whether this particular subject is covered in the article as a general, common knowledge, item, or is studied in technical detail - quantitative analyses are always technical, but some non-quantitative data can also be classified as technical.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T = Technical</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G = General</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subjects - Geochemistry</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>where weight percentages of elements or compounds are measured within the deposit. Note - Any element/compound mentioned should be included as key word, type other, but only if it is mentioned in relation to a relevant deposit.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T if actual weight percentages are presented in the article</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G if general ranges are discussed</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subjects - Photographs</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Photographs included relevant to a mineral deposit.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>B = Bottom Photo (photo of the sea floor)</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>S = Sample Photo (core, hand sample, microscopic)</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>P = Photo, both (bottom photo and sample photo)</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subjects - Mineralogy</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Any mineral mentioned should be included as an 'other key word'- only if it is mentioned in relation to a relevant deposit.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - if minerals within the deposit are just named.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - if weight percentages are given or methods (x-ray diffraction, etc.) are discussed in detail.</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Age Date</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Age dating of relevant mineral deposits included in reference.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>R = Relative (paleontologic/stratigraphic) date</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>A = Absolute date</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>B = Both relative (paleontologic/stratigraphic) and absolute date</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Deposit Genesis</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Discussion of method of deposit formation</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - if mentioned, e.g., diagenetic</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - if methods of deposit format are discussed in detail</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Growth/Accumulation</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>where the rate of growth of nodules (or accumulation of matter by the deposit in general is given)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Geophysical Exploration</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>For placer/heavy minerals articles. Refers to geophysical exploration directly related to the heavy mineral deposit ONLY.  For example, a magnetometer survey to discover the limits of the deposit.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Grain Size</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>For placer/heavy minerals articles. Refers to a grain size analysis of the actual heavy mineral-rich area or placer deposit ONLY.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Predictive Modeling</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>For placer/heavy minerals articles. A study of the possible sources of the heavy minerals found in the deposit - development of a THEORETICAL MODEL to explain the deposit location, configuration, or composition, or predict location of other placers.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Surrounding Sediment/Geochemistry</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Sediment - When the sediment surrounding a deposit is studied, for manganese deposits, then use this category - it usually refers to sediments around hydrothermal vents or around Mn nodules. Used if the geochemistry of the sediment or its interstitial     
               waters is given. Same criteria for T/G as in deposit, includes isotope chemistry of sediments.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Surrounding Sediment/Properties</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Sediment - When the sediment surrounding a deposit is studied, for manganese deposits, then use this category - it usually refers to sediments around hydrothermal vents or around Mn nodules. 
used if any physical properties of the sediment are measured - e.g., grain size, density, porosity, permeability, general makeup, thickness, etc.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Hard Rock Studies</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>This category is used when hard rock associated with a deposit, or an area where deposit formation is likely (ie. around a hydrothermal vent) is studied, rather than/or in addition to, the actual mineral deposit. (if a hard rock study of a massive sulfide or phosphorite itself is made, then use the deposit category above).  Any study of the rock qualifies - use appropriate key word type other to qualify the type of study.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Water Column Studies/Chemistry</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>This refers to water above or surrounding a deposit, or a hydrothermal vent (not to interstitial or pore water of sediment, or fluid inclusions in hardrock).  It can be used for hydrothermal vent waters after they exit the vent into the water column.  Waters within vents are described using the key word type other fields. Any chemical study.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Water Column Studies/Temperature</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>This refers to water above or surrounding a deposit, or a hydrothermal vent (not to interstitial or pore water of sediment, or fluid inclusions in hardrock).  It can be used for hydrothermal vent waters after they exit the vent into the water column.  Waters within vents are described using the key word type other fields. Any measurement of water temperature.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Economics</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The value, mining potential, or political/economic importance of a mineral deposit.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Instruments</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>The instruments used to study, retrieve, or process the deposit are discussed (includes patents)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Law</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>National or international laws, treaties, agreements, or principles are discussed</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Extraction</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Also known as beneficiation - involves the removal of selected elements or compounds from deposit materials once they are recovered from the sea floor - may be chemical or mechanical or both (methods of recovery of material from the sea floor are instruments)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Environmental Impact</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Discussion of the impact of mining the deposit on the surrounding environment.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Subject - Biology</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Living organisms near the deposit are mentioned, or their possible role in the deposit formation is discussed (also note environmental impact, if applicable)</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>T - technical discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>G - general discussion</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Settings - Geologic Setting</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Applicable geologic settings were indicated with an X in the column.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Back-arc Basin</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Continental Margin</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Mid-Ocean Ridge</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Rift Zone</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Seamount</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>Other</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Settings - Feature Name</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>List all applicable names, if on present list, use exact spelling, if not, please add to the list. Maximum length of a feature name is 30 characters including blanks and punctuation.  For deposits described as being offshore from a region with a placename (beach, town, etc.).  Please code that placename as a feature name also.  Definitely list all state names in the U.S. if known, from which the deposits are offshore.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>N/A proper name of feature used</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Settings - U.S. EEZ Zone</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>An X in the field for a U.S. EEZ Zone indicates that a mineral deposit within that zone was discussed in the reference.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Alaska</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ American Samoa</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ East Coast</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Gulf Coast</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Hawaii-Midway</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Howland-Baker Islands</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Jarvis Island</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Johnston Island</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Northern Marianas-Gua,</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Palmyra Atoll-Kingman Reef</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Puerto Rico-Virgin Islands</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ Wake Island</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ West Coast</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>U.S. EEZ General</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Settings - L.O.S. Areas</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
            <gco:CharacterString>Three digit codes for ocean areas from the International Hydrographic Organization (1953). Limits of Oceans and Seas. International Hydrographic Organization Special Publication No 23, 3rd edition, Monte Carlo. Use 999 for Worldwide See map and list of area codes - code 2-digit number in first 2 blanks of field, leaving 3rd blank for letter code.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:definition>
          <!--Attribute Definition Source not translated: Author-->
          <gmi:rangeElement>
            <gco:Record>3 digit code - see source</gco:Record>
          </gmi:rangeElement>
        </gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
      </gmi:rangeElementDescription>
      <gmi:rangeElementDescription>
        <gmi:MI_RangeElementDescription>
          <gmi:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>Key Words - Other</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:name>
          <gmi:definition>
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            <gco:Record>SORPTION PROPERTIES (usually of an Mn deposit)</gco:Record>
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