gov.noaa.nodc:0108070 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-11-29T05:08:25Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from discrete sample and profile observations using CTD, Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and other instruments from LAURENCE M. GOULD in the South Atlantic Ocean and Southern Oceans from 2006-03-21 to 2006-04-04 (NCEI Accession 0108070) 2013-06-05 publication 2017-02-22 revision 2013-06-05 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.3334/cdiac/otg.clivar_a21_2006 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0108070 NCEI Archive Management System 0108070 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Alex Kozyr NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov resourceProvider Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) resourceProvider Colm Sweeney NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) Colm.Sweeney@noaa.gov https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Tom P. Guilderson collaborator Tim Newberger University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Tim.Newberger@noaa.gov https://cires.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website Institution web page information collaborator Sweeney, Colm NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) website Institution web page information author Newberger, Tim University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Tim.Newberger@noaa.gov https://cires.colorado.edu/ HTTPS University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website Institution web page information author Guilderson, Tom P. author NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from LAURENCE M. GOULD in the South Atlantic Ocean and Southern Oceans (> 60 degrees South) from 2006-03-21 to 2006-04-04. These data include DELTA CARBON-13, DELTA CARBON-14, DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC), DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NITRATE, NITRITE, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - water, Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, WATER TEMPERATURE, phosphate and silicate. The instruments used to collect these data include CTD, Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer, Coulometer for DIC measurement, Flask with closed headspace for discrete carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement and bottle. These data were collected by Colm Sweeney of NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) as part of the CLIVAR_A21_2006 dataset. CDIAC associated the following cruise ID(s) with this dataset: CLIVAR_A21_2006 The International CLIVAR Global Ocean Carbon and Repeat Hydrography Program carries out a systematic and global re-occupation of select WOCE/JGOFS hydrographic sections to quantify changes in storage and transport of heat, fresh water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and related parameters. This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded NCEI Accession 0108070 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0108070 Preview graphic PNG 0108070 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2017-02-22 publication DELTA CARBON-13 DELTA CARBON-14 DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) DISSOLVED OXYGEN HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE NITRATE NITRITE partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water phosphate Potential temperature (theta) SALINITY silicate WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS bottle carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer coulometer for DIC measurement CTD flask with closed headspace for discrete CO2 measurement instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical discrete sample physical profile theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS R/V Laurence M. Gould platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS South Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NODC > National Oceanographic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOE/ORNL/ESD/CDIAC > Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian CLIVAR_A21_2006 project Cruise ID 33LG20060321 LMG200603 project EXPOCODE CLIVAR > Climate Variability project Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords CLIVAR A21/SR01 project Reference Section ID EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRITE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN PRESSURE > WATER PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Discrete measurement Profile theme OCADS Study Type C14ERR CTDSAL CTDTMP DELC13 DELC14 DIC FCO2_TMP NITRAT NITRIT OXYGEN PHSPHT SALNTY SILCAT TCARBN THETA fCO2 theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS COULOMETERS CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth FLASKS > FLASKS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian LAURENCE M. GOULD (call sign: WCX7445, ICES code: 33LG, 1998-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Southern Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Sweeney, Colm; Newberger, Tim; Guilderson, Tom P. (2013). Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from discrete sample and profile observations using CTD, Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and other instruments from LAURENCE M. GOULD in the South Atlantic Ocean and Southern Oceans from 2006-03-21 to 2006-04-04 (NCEI Accession 0108070). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.clivar_a21_2006. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Sweeney, C., T. Newberger, and T. Guilderson (2012). Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic, and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Laurence M. Gould Cruise in the Southern Ocean on CLIVAR Repeat Hydrography Sections A21 (March 21 - April 4, 2006). Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, CLIVAR_A21_2006. 2012 publication CLIVAR_A21_2006 Sweeney, C., T. Newberger, and T. Guilderson author Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) publisher Ocean CO2 [retrieved from http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/CLIVAR/A21_2006/] crossReference Graven, H. D., Guilderson, T. P., & Keeling, R. F. (2007). Methods for High-Precision 14C AMS Measurement of Atmospheric CO2 at LLNL. Radiocarbon, 49(2), 349–356. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200042284 2007 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200042284 https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200042284 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200042284 related journal article information Graven, Heather D author Guilderson, Thomas P author Keeling, Ralph F author Cambridge University Press (CUP) publisher documentDigital Radiocarbon 49(2) ISSN 0033-8222, ISSN 1945-5755, pp. 349-356 crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program CLIVAR Repeat Section A21 (SR01) 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/RepeatSections/clivar_a21.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/RepeatSections/clivar_a21.html related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project WOCE Section A12 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/woce_a12.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/woce_a12.html related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -64.951 -62.053 -62.84 -54.999 2006-03-21 2006-04-04 These data were acquired by NCEI from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) in accordance with an archival submission agreement between CDIAC and NCEI. In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. CSV 0.396 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0108070.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.clivar_a21_2006 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/108070 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/108070 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0057/0108070/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0108070 v1.1 was published. 2013-06-05T20:09:06Z NCEI Accession 0108070 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0108070/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0108070 v1.1 published 2013-06-05T20:09:06Z download NCEI Accession 0108070 was revised and v2.2 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2017-02-22T21:32:11Z NCEI Accession 0108070 v2.2 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0108070/2.2 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0108070 v2.2 published 2017-02-22T21:32:11Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: DIC; Observation type: discrete; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Calculated; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Coulometric; CRM batch number: 36 Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) discrete; Abbreviation: fCO2; Observation type: discrete; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: fCO2 500ml samples measured at 20C, reported at in situ temperature Parameter or Variable: CTDTMP; Abbreviation: CTDTMP; Unit: DEG_C; Controlled vocabulary name: WATER TEMPERATURE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: CTDSAL; Abbreviation: CTDSAL; Controlled vocabulary name: SALINITY; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: SALNTY; Abbreviation: SALNTY; Controlled vocabulary name: SALINITY; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: OXYGEN; Abbreviation: OXYGEN; Unit: UMOL/KG; Controlled vocabulary name: DISSOLVED OXYGEN; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: SILCAT; Abbreviation: SILCAT; Unit: UMOL/KG; Controlled vocabulary name: silicate; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: NITRAT; Abbreviation: NITRAT; Unit: UMOL/KG; Controlled vocabulary name: NITRATE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: NITRIT; Abbreviation: NITRIT; Unit: UMOL/KG; Controlled vocabulary name: NITRITE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: PHSPHT; Abbreviation: PHSPHT; Unit: UMOL/KG; Controlled vocabulary name: phosphate; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: TCARBN; Abbreviation: TCARBN; Unit: UMOL/KG; Controlled vocabulary name: DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC); In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: FCO2; Abbreviation: FCO2; Unit: UATM; Controlled vocabulary name: partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: FCO2_TMP; Abbreviation: FCO2_TMP; Unit: DEG_C; Controlled vocabulary name: partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: DELC14; Abbreviation: DELC14; Unit: /MILL; Controlled vocabulary name: DELTA CARBON-14; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: C14ERR; Abbreviation: C14ERR; Unit: /MILL; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: DELC13; Abbreviation: DELC13; Unit: /MILL; Controlled vocabulary name: DELTA CARBON-13; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: THETA; Abbreviation: THETA; Unit: DEG_C; Controlled vocabulary name: Potential temperature (theta); In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation repository NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015. 2015-04-22T00:00:00 asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian bottle bottle any type of water bottle sampling device Generic name for water collection device; usually used to determine temperature, salinity and provide water aliquots for measurement of a wide range of parameters; often referred to by a specific type of water sampling bottle, such as a Nansen or Niskin bottle. carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. coulometer for DIC measurement coulometer for DIC measurement measures dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) A known amount of seawater is dispensed into a stripping chamber where it is acidified and purged with an inert gas. The amount of CO2 in the resulting gas stream is determined by absorbing the CO2 in an absorbent. The pH of the solution is monitored by measuring the transmittance . CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe flask with closed headspace for discrete CO2 measurement flask with closed headspace for discrete CO2 measurement discrete carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement R/V Laurence M. Gould Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel; Ice Breaker DOB: Dec 1997 IMO: 9137337 The RV Laurence M. Gould is an icebreaker used by researchers from the United States' National Science Foundation for research in the Southern Ocean. The vessel is named after Laurence McKinley Gould a widely recognized American scientist, who had explored both the Arctic and Antarctic. She was built in Louisiana to replace the RV Polar Duke.