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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/14" xlink:actuate="onRequest">physical</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/27" xlink:actuate="onRequest">surface underway</gmx:Anchor>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
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                      </gmd:onlineResource>
                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
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                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="custodian">custodian</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Surface underway</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>OCADS Study Type</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:date gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>SST_C</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:keyword>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="theme">theme</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Provider Variable Abbreviations</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
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            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/d8efbcb9-9ab3-4016-b7ff-6426cd0bf545" xlink:actuate="onRequest">EQUILIBRATORS</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/ed79ec7b-a2df-4948-9877-b75e1fcb8782" xlink:actuate="onRequest">SALINOMETERS</gmx:Anchor>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gmx:Anchor xlink:href="https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/aa953a14-4581-47f8-a5b3-c8dd50904ee0" xlink:actuate="onRequest">TEMPERATURE SENSORS &gt; TEMPERATURE SENSORS</gmx:Anchor>
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                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                            <gmd:URL>https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords</gmd:URL>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmd:MD_Keywords>
          <gmd:keyword>
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          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="platform">platform</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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          <gmd:thesaurusName>
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                <gco:CharacterString>ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="place">place</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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                    <gco:Date>2026</gco:Date>
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                    <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>Greenbelt</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>MD</gco:CharacterString>
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                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
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                        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                      </gmd:onlineResource>
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          <gmd:keyword>
            <gco:CharacterString>South Atlantic Ocean</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:type>
            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="place">place</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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          <gmd:thesaurusName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
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          </gmd:useLimitation>
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      <gmd:resourceConstraints xlink:title="NCEI Data Citation Statement">
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          <gmd:otherConstraints>
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        </gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
      </gmd:resourceConstraints>
      <gmd:resourceConstraints>
        <gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
          <gmd:useLimitation>
            <gco:CharacterString>Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:useLimitation>
        </gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
      </gmd:resourceConstraints>
      <gmd:resourceConstraints>
        <gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
          <gmd:accessConstraints>
            <gmd:MD_RestrictionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_RestrictionCode" codeListValue="otherRestrictions">otherRestrictions</gmd:MD_RestrictionCode>
          </gmd:accessConstraints>
          <gmd:otherConstraints>
            <gco:CharacterString>Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.</gco:CharacterString>
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      <gmd:aggregationInfo>
        <gmd:MD_AggregateInformation>
          <gmd:aggregateDataSetName>
            <gmd:CI_Citation>
              <gmd:title>
                <gco:CharacterString>Ships Of Opportunity Program (SOOP) Data</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gmd:CI_Date>
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                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:onlineResource>
                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                          <gmd:linkage>
                            <gmd:URL>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/</gmd:URL>
                          </gmd:linkage>
                          <gmd:protocol>
                            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
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                          <gmd:name>
                            <gco:CharacterString>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/</gco:CharacterString>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>related resource</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
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        <gmd:MD_AggregateInformation>
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                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
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                        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
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                            <gco:CharacterString>OCADS website</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
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                <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous;
Abbreviation: xCO2, fCO2 (calculated), pCO2 (calculated);
Unit: ppm;
Observation type: Surface underway;
Measured or calculated: xCO2 measured in wet air;
Calculation method and parameters: pCO2 calculation following T correction of Takahashi et al 1993 (where T_membrane is considered T_in-situ since distance membrane to inlet is 0.5m). pCO2 and fCO2 are calculated following the DOE handbook and corrected for water vapour following Weiss and Price 1980.;
Sampling instrument: Seawater pump;
Location of seawater intake: variable - max 2m below sea surface;
Analyzing instrument: NDIR, flat membrane, closed loop, Licor Li-840A;
Equilibrator type: NDIR, flat membrane, closed loop;
Is the equilibrator vented or not: No. Closed loop;
Water flow rate: 7 L/min;
Gas flow rate: ~0.5 L/m;
How was temperature inside the equilibrator measured: Hart Scientific model 1523 digital thermometer, serial number A1320065, with an NIST traceable model 5610 thermistor probe, serial number BB011803. Accurate to Â± 0.01Â°C.;
How was pressure inside the equilibrator measured: Setra 239 differential pressure transducer, accurate to Â± 0.15 hPa. The equilibrator was passively vented to a secondary equilibrator, and the Licor sample output was vented to the laboratory when CO2 measurements were made, thus equilibrator headspace pressure was assumed to be laboratory pressure.;
Drying method for gas: From Pierrot et al.: Sample air is dried in a condenser that is cooled to 4-5 degrees Celsius by a Peltier thermoelectric device. This partially dried air flushes a chamber that is vented and remains at ambient pressure. The dried air inside the chamber is used as the counter flow in the NafionÂ® tubing. A vacuum pump pulls the dried air from the chamber first through a fixed restrictor and then through the NafionÂ® tubes, thus creating an absolute pressure and corresponding partial pressure gradient for water vapor across the membrane. When atmospheric air is measured, some of the partially dried air (80-100 mL/min) is pushed through a NafionÂ® tube, the analyzer and out a vent instead of flushing the chamber. The headspace gas, when being measured, is circulated in a closed loop through the analyzer at a rate similar to that of the atmospheric air (80-100 mL/min). It is dried first in the condenser, then in a NafionÂ® tube prior to entering the analyzer and being returned to the equilibrator. Typically, the water mole fraction (xH2O) in the dried gas is about 2 parts per thousand (ppt), which corresponds to a dew point temperature of about -20 degrees C. The liquid water condensed out of the sample air streams is removed by peristaltic pumps into the vent equilibrator at intervals determined by the user.;
SEA CO2 gas detector manufacturer: Licor, Inc;
SEA CO2 gas detector model: Licor 7000, IRG4-0221;
SEA CO2 gas detector resolution: 0.2 Âµatm;
SEA CO2 gas detector uncertainty: 0.3 Âµatm for equilibrator measurements, 0.2 Âµatm for atmospheric measurements;
Standardization technique: Autocalibration with Zero (Soda lime) and 466 ppm standard;
Standardization frequency: once per day;
Standard gas manufacturer: LOCEAN;
Standard gas concentration: compressed air (diving facility) 200Bar in 0.5L AL-tank gas referenced with two standards from LOCEAN: 452.03 ppm and 352.49 ppm Measured: 436.7 ppm (2019-10-02);
Standard gas uncertainty: better than 1% of reading, zero drift 0.15 ppm/Â°C, span drift 0.03 %/Â°C;
Researcher name: Toste Tanhua;
Researcher institution: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature;
Abbreviation: SST_C;
Unit: Degrees Celsius;
Observation type: Surface Underway;
Sampling instrument: In-situ observation;
Analyzing instrument: SeaSun customized CTD48 #1603;
Replicate information: Temperature last calibrated on 2019-09-05 by Sea and Sun Technology, Arndtstrasse 9, D-24610 Trappenkamp;
Uncertainty: Resolution Â± 0.005 Â°C; Uncertainty (Accuracy/Precision) Â± 0.002 Â°C;
Researcher name: Toste Tanhua;
Researcher institution: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Salinity;
Abbreviation: SAL_PSU;
Unit: PSU;
Observation type: Surface Underway;
Analyzing instrument: SeaSun customized CTD48 #1603;
Replicate information: Conductivity last calibrated on 2019-09-06 by Sea and Sun Technology, Arndtstrasse 9, D-24610 Trappenkamp;
Uncertainty: Resolution Â± 0.010 mS/cm; Uncertainty (Accuracy/Precision) Â± 0.002 mS/cm;
Researcher name: Toste Tanhua;
Researcher institution: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_bea4">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>salinometer</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>salinometer</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>generic salinometer

use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be41">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>temperature sensor</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>A sensor used to measure temperature.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:instrument>
        <gmi:MI_Instrument id="inst_be23">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>thin film type equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:type>
            <gco:CharacterString>thin film type equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:type>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>Poisson et al. 1993</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
        </gmi:MI_Instrument>
      </gmi:instrument>
      <gmi:platform>
        <gmi:MI_Platform id="plat_ae50">
          <gmi:identifier>
            <gmd:MD_Identifier>
              <gmd:code>
                <gco:CharacterString>NORSEL</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:code>
            </gmd:MD_Identifier>
          </gmi:identifier>
          <gmi:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>NORSEL</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmi:description>
          <gmi:instrument gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmi:MI_Platform>
      </gmi:platform>
    </gmi:MI_AcquisitionInformation>
  </gmi:acquisitionInformation>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>