{"@type": "dcat:Dataset", "accessLevel": "public", "bureauCode": ["026:00"], "contactPoint": {"@type": "vcard:Contact", "fn": "Earthdata Forum", "hasEmail": "mailto:earthdata-support@nasa.gov"}, "description": "Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key indicator of land surface states, and can provide information on surface-atmosphere heat and mass fluxes, vegetation water stress, and soil moisture. A daily, day and night, LST data set for continental Africa, including Madagascar, was derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Area Coverage (GAC; 4 km resolution) data for the 6-year lifetime of the NOAA-14 satellite (from 1995 to 2000) using a modified version of the Global Inventory Mapping and Monitoring System (GIMMS) (Tucker et al., 1994). The data were projected into Albers Equal Area and aggregated to 8 km spatial resolution. The data were cloud-filtered with CLAVR-1 algorithm (Stowe et al., 1999). The LST values were estimated with a split-window technique (Ulivieri et al., 1994) that takes advantage of differential absorption of the thermal infrared signal in bands 4 and 5. The emissivity of the surface was generated using a land cover classification map (Hansen et al., 2000) combined with the FAO soil map of Africa (FAO-UNESCO, 1977) and additional maps of tree, herbaceous, and bare soil percent cover (DeFries et al., 2000). Collateral products include cloud mask, time-of-scan, latitude and longitude, and land/water mask files.The data are in flat binary files. Each data file contains 1152 columns and 1152 rows, in signed integer format (2 bytes), with 8 km by 8 km spatial resolution. A unique map exists for each day and each night of the 6-year NOAA-14 lifetime. The data are best used to infer broad temporal and spatial trends rather than pixel-by-pixel values.", "distribution": [{"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search?q=AVHRR_LST_826&ac=true", "format": "BIN", "mediaType": "application/octet-stream"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/826", "format": "HTML", "mediaType": "text/html"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://data.ornldaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/protected/bundle/AVHRR_LST_826.zip", "format": "ZIP", "mediaType": "application/zip"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://daac.ornl.gov/graphics/browse/project/square/safari_logo_square.png", "format": "PNG", "mediaType": "image/png"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "downloadURL": "https://data.ornldaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/public/safari2k/remote_sensing/AVHRR_LST/comp/AVHRR_LST_readme.pdf", "format": "PDF", "mediaType": "application/pdf"}, {"@type": "dcat:Distribution", "conformsTo": "http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmi", "description": "The metadata's original source.", "downloadURL": "https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2788408061-ORNL_CLOUD.iso19115", "format": "ISO", "mediaType": "text/xml", "title": "Original Metadata"}], "identifier": "10.3334/ORNLDAAC/826", "keyword": ["earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-emissivity", "earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification", "earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature"], "license": "https://www.usa.gov/government-works", "modified": "2026-04-06", "programCode": ["026:000"], "publisher": {"@type": "org:Organization", "name": "ORNL_DAAC"}, "spatial": "[[{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\":-24.6,\"NorthBoundingCoordinate\":43.71,\"EastBoundingCoordinate\":64.52,\"SouthBoundingCoordinate\":-42.24}],\"CARTESIAN\"]", "temporal": "1995-01-01/2000-12-31", "theme": ["Earth Science"], "title": "SAFARI 2000 AVHRR-derived Land Surface Temperature Maps, Africa, 1995-2000"}