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Water level, water temperature, and specific conductance data collected during natural gradient tests in observation wells wet in the upper transmissive zone of the Ogallala Aquifer, North East 2nd Street Superfund Site, Happy, Texas, 2023

Metadata Updated: January 22, 2026

Water level, water temperature, and specific conductance data were collected during natural gradient tests on six observation wells screened in the upper transmissive zone of the Ogallala aquifer at the North East 2nd Street Superfund site in Happy, Texas, from November 6-13, 2023. Tests involved gravity draining 100-160 gallons of a low-concentration salt-spiked solution with an associated specific conductance of less than 8,000 microsiemens per centimeter (µs/cm) into the wells, measuring water level responses, and recording continuous downhole water temperature and water conductivity (specific conductance). Gravity drainage of the salt-spiked solution into each well took approximately 1 hour at average rates of 2.4 to 5.2 gallons per minute. Depth profiles of water temperature and specific conductance were collected under ambient conditions (prior to draining the salt-spiked solution into each well). Another depth profile was collected after the salt-spiked solution was added to each well (to identify vertical changes in the water column of the well and the degree of vertical mixing of the spiked water). The single well natural gradient tests allow for the analysis of hydraulic responses of the aquifer during gravity drainage and assessment of ambient flow through the well after the emplacement of the salt-spiked solution and subsequent flushing out of the solution back to ambient conditions. Monitoring at each well continued for at least 24 hours after gravity-drainage of the salt-spiked solution into each well was completed to ascertain whether background conditions were achieved. This data release contains information on the well construction of the six wells tested in 2023 for natural gradient tests, the volume and concentration of the dilute salt spike used, profiles of specific conductance and water temperature of the wells pre- and post-spiked, water levels, and continuous monitoring of specific conductance and water temperature.

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

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Dates

Metadata Created Date January 11, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 22, 2026

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI USGS DCAT-US

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date January 11, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 22, 2026
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Maintainer
Identifier http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_657b57ebd34e952b2274c5ac
Data Last Modified 2024-03-12T00:00:00Z
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:12
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://ddi.doi.gov/usgs-data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Datagov Dedupe Retained 20260121204831
Harvest Object Id fa43ad8d-2543-44fa-a67e-67c1df746506
Harvest Source Id 2b80d118-ab3a-48ba-bd93-996bbacefac2
Harvest Source Title DOI USGS DCAT-US
Metadata Type geospatial
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Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 6e8d0b7ad27534423c3d537e39c7102174d91a6d36c1ecbd29d06f9fb4bf4e22
Source Schema Version 1.1
Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": -101.854700, 34.746700, -101.854700, 34.755200, -101.847000, 34.755200, -101.847000, 34.746700, -101.854700, 34.746700}

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