Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Skip to content

Try the next-generation Data Catalog at catalog-beta.data.gov and help shape it with your feedback.

Multi-task Deep Learning for Water Temperature and Streamflow Prediction (ver. 1.1, June 2022)

Metadata Updated: January 7, 2026

This item contains data and code used in experiments that produced the results for Sadler et. al (2022) (see below for full reference). We ran five experiments for the analysis, Experiment A, Experiment B, Experiment C, Experiment D, and Experiment AuxIn. Experiment A tested multi-task learning for predicting streamflow with 25 years of training data and using a different model for each of 101 sites. Experiment B tested multi-task learning for predicting streamflow with 25 years of training data and using a single model for all 101 sites. Experiment C tested multi-task learning for predicting streamflow with just 2 years of training data. Experiment D tested multi-task learning for predicting water temperature with over 25 years of training data. Experiment AuxIn used water temperature as an input variable for predicting streamflow. These experiments and their results are described in detail in the WRR paper. Data from a total of 101 sites across the US was used for the experiments. The model input data and streamflow data were from the Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies (CAMELS) dataset (Newman et. al 2014, Addor et. al 2017). The water temperature data were gathered from the National Water Information System (NWIS) (U.S. Geological Survey, 2016). The contents of this item are broken into 13 files or groups of files aggregated into zip files:<br> <ol> <li> <strong>input_data_processing.zip</strong>: A zip file containing the scripts used to collate the observations, input weather drivers, and catchment attributes for the multi-task modeling experiments </li> <li> <strong>flow_observations.zip</strong>: A zip file containing collated daily streamflow data for the sites used in multi-task modeling experiments. The streamflow data were originally accessed from the CAMELs dataset. The data are stored in csv and Zarr formats.</li> <li> <strong>temperature_observations.zip</strong>: A zip file containing collated daily water temperature data for the sites used in multi-task modeling experiments. The data were originally accessed via NWIS. The data are stored in csv and Zarr formats. </li> <li> <strong>temperature_sites.geojson</strong>: Geojson file of the locations of the water temperature and streamflow sites used in the analysis.</li> <li> <strong>model_drivers.zip</strong>: A zip file containing the daily input weather driver data for the multi-task deep learning models. These data are from the Daymet drivers and were collated from the CAMELS dataset. The data are stored in csv and Zarr formats. </li> <li> <strong>catchment_attrs.csv</strong>: Catchment attributes collatted from the CAMELS dataset. These data are used for the Random Forest modeling. For full metadata regarding these data see CAMELS dataset.</li> <li> <strong>experiment_workflow_files.zip</strong>: A zip file containing workflow definitions used to run multi-task deep learning experiments. These are Snakemake workflows. To run a given experiment, one would run (for experiment A) 'snakemake -s expA_Snakefile --configfile expA_config.yml' </li> <li> <strong>river-dl-paper_v0.zip</strong>: A zip file containing python code used to run multi-task deep learning experiments. This code was called by the Snakemake workflows contained in 'experiment_workflow_files.zip'. </li> <li> <strong>random_forest_scripts.zip</strong>: A zip file containing Python code and a Python Jupyter Notebook used to prepare data for, train, and visualize feature importance of a Random Forest model.</li> <li> <strong>plotting_code.zip</strong>: A zip file containing python code and Snakemake workflow used to produce figures showing the results of multi-task deep learning experiments. </li> <li> <strong>results.zip</strong>: A zip file containing results of multi-task deep learning experiments. The results are stored in csv and netcdf formats. The netcdf files were used by the plotting libraries in 'plotting_code.zip'. These files are for five experiments, 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', and 'AuxIn'. These experiment names are shown in the file name. </li> <li> <strong>sample_scripts.zip</strong>: A zip file containing scripts for creating sample output to demonstrate how the modeling workflow was executed.</li> <li> <strong>sample_output.zip</strong>: A zip file containing sample output data. Similar files are created by running the sample scripts provided.</li> </ol> A. Newman; K. Sampson; M. P. Clark; A. Bock; R. J. Viger; D. Blodgett, 2014. A large-sample watershed-scale hydrometeorological dataset for the contiguous USA. Boulder, CO: UCAR/NCAR. https://dx.doi.org/10.5065/D6MW2F4D <br><br> N. Addor, A. Newman, M. Mizukami, and M. P. Clark, 2017. Catchment attributes for large-sample studies. Boulder, CO: UCAR/NCAR. https://doi.org/10.5065/D6G73C3Q <br><br> Sadler, J. M., Appling, A. P., Read, J. S., Oliver, S. K., Jia, X., Zwart, J. A., & Kumar, V. (2022). Multi-Task Deep Learning of Daily Streamflow and Water Temperature. Water Resources Research, 58(4), e2021WR030138. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021WR030138 <br> <br> U.S. Geological Survey, 2016, National Water Information System data available on the World Wide Web (USGS Water Data for the Nation), accessed Dec. 2020. <br><br>

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

Downloads & Resources

Dates

Metadata Created Date January 7, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 7, 2026

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI USGS DCAT-US

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date January 7, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 7, 2026
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Maintainer
Identifier http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_604a8e0ad34eb120311b2fc9
Data Last Modified 2022-06-21T00:00:00Z
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:12
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://ddi.doi.gov/usgs-data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Harvest Object Id 7cc6a501-2f3d-44b9-ac1d-53fa381e93a0
Harvest Source Id 2b80d118-ab3a-48ba-bd93-996bbacefac2
Harvest Source Title DOI USGS DCAT-US
Metadata Type geospatial
Old Spatial -123.83178, 27.052, -67.93524, 48.82292
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 507b67ac2e330d556971666dee2a4fcb6bf92a323e8f0920e19116cdbdc87f85
Source Schema Version 1.1
Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": -123.83178, 27.052, -123.83178, 48.82292, -67.93524, 48.82292, -67.93524, 27.052, -123.83178, 27.052}

Didn't find what you're looking for? Suggest a dataset here.