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HAVO Montane Ohia Diameter and Cavity Data 2017

Metadata Updated: January 7, 2026

We quantified the availability of breeding habitat of the endangered Hawaiian Akepa (Loxops coccineus). The species is thought to nest excusively in natural cavities within mature ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) trees but birds commonly occur in short stature trees that presumably do not have any natural cavities because of their polyploidal (many-branched) structure. To test this hypothesis we searched for cavities in trees where akepa forage and we measured diameter of each stem of each tree examined. The habitat is in montane areas of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on Mauna Loa volcano.We surveyed 57 plots, 49 in montane woodland and 8 in closed-canopy forest. Six tree cavities were detected in the 214 sampled trees: five cavities were found in 38 trees sampled in closed canopy forest (8.9/ha) and only one cavity was found in 176 trees sampled in montane woodland (0.29/ha). Tree diameters in the forest ranged from 10 cm to 128 cm diameter at breast height (DBH), while those in the woodland were much smaller ranging from 10 cm to a maximum DBH of 54 cm. Most trees in the closed-canopy forest were monopodial (87%, mean number of stems per tree = 1.16, SE = 0.07) with only five of the 38 trees having multiple stems at DBH height. In contrast, most trees in the woodland were sympodial (61%, mean number of stems per tree = 2.11, SE = 0.11) where 108 of the 176 trees had multiple stems. This data release includes two CSV files: the ohia measurements and locations.

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

Downloads & Resources

Dates

Metadata Created Date January 7, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 7, 2026

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI USGS DCAT-US

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date January 7, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 7, 2026
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Maintainer
Identifier http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_5a975da8e4b06990606c51ad
Data Last Modified 2020-08-27T00:00:00Z
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:12
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://ddi.doi.gov/usgs-data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Harvest Object Id 784aa06c-7dda-4513-b4ec-0153340970b4
Harvest Source Id 2b80d118-ab3a-48ba-bd93-996bbacefac2
Harvest Source Title DOI USGS DCAT-US
Metadata Type geospatial
Old Spatial -155.61706559476139, 19.2289300637605, -155.5638113388527, 19.305364526170855
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 25ba7da9e0471dc7712ede01e07220b822f34bbbaba0e281891cc8e80c2296d7
Source Schema Version 1.1
Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": -155.61706559476139, 19.2289300637605, -155.61706559476139, 19.305364526170855, -155.5638113388527, 19.305364526170855, -155.5638113388527, 19.2289300637605, -155.61706559476139, 19.2289300637605}

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