The data from Sugarloaf Creek Basin (SCB) in Sequoia Kings Canyon National Park contained herein include forest inventory plots which were installed in 1970 and re-measured in 2017 for tree and shrub inventories; classified vegetation layers produced from raster images collected in 1973 from aerial orthophotos and in 2014 from satellites; spatially-distributed soil moisture measurements made from 2016-2018; and long-term in-situ weather station measurements made from 2016-2018. The Data directory contains four main data types. 1) In the root Data directory, three tabular data files containing information on trees and other vegetation cover in SCB in 1970 and 2014 (SugarloafForestryPlotData_x.csv) 2) In the root Data directory, one tabular data file containing information on surface soil moisture in SCB from 2016-2018 (SugarloafSoilMoisture.csv) 3) In the Geospatial data directory, two raster files containing vegetation types from classified aerial or satellite imagery (x_veg_classes.tif), one shapefile containing fire perimeters in SCB from 1973-2003 (Sugarloaf Fires 1973-2003.shp) and one tabular file containing point-specific environmental information in SCB (RasterToPointsValues.csv) 4) In the Weather Stations data directory, six tabular data files containing weather station data from three sites at SCB and three sites at Illilouette Creek Basin (ICB) in Yosemite National Park, collected from 2016-2018 (TableX#.csv)