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    • Developing a Common Metric for Evaluating Police Performance in Deadly Force Situations in the United States, 2009-2011

    Metadata Updated: November 14, 2025

    This study developed interval-level measurement scales for evaluating police officer performance during real or simulated deadly force situations. Through a two-day concept mapping focus group, statements were identified to describe two sets of dynamics: the difficulty (D) of a deadly force situation and the performance (P) of a police officer in that situation. These statements were then operationalized into measurable Likert-scale items that were scored by 291 use of force instructors from more than 100 agencies across the United States using an online survey instrument. The dataset resulting from this process contains a total of 685 variables, comprised of 312 difficulty statement items, 278 performance statement items, and 94 variables that measure the demographic characteristics of the scorers.

    Access & Use Information

    Restricted: This dataset can only be accessed or used under certain conditions. License: us-pd

    Downloads & Resources

    Dates

    Metadata Created Date August 18, 2021
    Metadata Updated Date November 14, 2025

    Metadata Source

    Harvested from DOJ JSON

    Other Data Resources

    Additional Metadata

    Resource Type Dataset
    Metadata Created Date August 18, 2021
    Metadata Updated Date November 14, 2025
    Publisher National Institute of Justice
    Maintainer
    Identifier 3563
    Data First Published 2014-06-18T09:54:22
    Language eng
    Data Last Modified 2014-06-18T10:15:23
    Rights These data are restricted due to the increased risk of violation of confidentiality of respondent and subject data.
    Public Access Level restricted public
    Bureau Code 011:21
    Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
    Metadata Catalog ID https://www.justice.gov/data.json
    Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
    Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
    Harvest Object Id cb0aa758-3ebb-44c7-8836-cccc71176161
    Harvest Source Id 3290e90a-116f-42fc-86ac-e65521ef3b68
    Harvest Source Title DOJ JSON
    License http://www.usa.gov/publicdomain/label/1.0/
    Program Code 011:060
    Publisher Hierarchy Office of Justice Programs > National Institute of Justice
    Source Datajson Identifier True
    Source Hash 33522a9f04109fe7742ae18151fce191ab112d9ababa7414499c4800320a8f98
    Source Schema Version 1.1

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