This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Data Release provides data to estimate water use associated with continuous oil and gas development in the Williston Basin during 1980-2017. Data included: 1. Data records from the national hydraulic fracturing chemical registry, FracFocus, including the state, county, latitude and longitude of each well, and the year and volume of water used for hydraulic fracturing for the years 2010-2017 in Montana and North Dakota. 2. IHS Markit (TM) data reported in 2018 including the number of wells used for hydraulic fracturing treatments; the volume of oil, gas and water produced; well counts for produced oil, gas, and water. 3. Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation (MTDNRC) water permit records associated with oil and gas development including the county, source type, use type, and volume of water use reported for the years 2012-2017. 4. North Dakota Industrial Commission (NDIC) records of individual well permits including county, latitude, longitude, depth of casings, number of sacks of cement used for casings, volume of wastewater injected or disposed, volume of water, oil and gas produced, and the volume of water used for hydraulic fracturing stimulation for the years 1980-2017. 5. North Dakota State Water Commission (NDSWC) records of individual water permits including the county, latitude, longitude, source type, use type, and volume of water use reported, and allocations allowed for the years 1980-2017. 6. Annual population estimates by county for Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota for the years 1980-2017 from the United States Census Bureau's (USCB) Population Estimates Program. 7. Spatially interpolated monthly total precipitation and average monthly daily minimum, maximum, and mean air temperature from the PRISM Climate Group for the conterminous United States for the years 1980-2017 at a 4 km resolution. First posted September 30, 2019 Revised December 17, 2019, ver.2.0 Revised October 18, 2022, ver. 3.0