This dataset describes a set of 1473 accessions derived from first backcrosses of hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to a diversity panel of wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides (Körn) Thell.). Wild emmer is the tetraploid progenitor of hexaploid bread wheat and is known to be a valuable source of genetic variation for wheat improvement. However, direct evaluation of wild emmer diversity for agronomic potential has limited value unless performed in the backgrounds of adapted cultivars. Here, we present a genetic characterization of a population of 1,473 backcross recombinant inbred lines, with an average genome composition of 75% bread wheat and 25% wild emmer. Low coverage whole-genome sequencing allowed introgressions and aneuploidies to be identified at relatively low cost per sample. These data identify the counts of hexaploid and wild emmer alleles in 1 Mb bins and 10 Mb sliding windows along each of the A- and B-genome chromosomes of each accession, using the IWGSC 'Chinese Spring' reference sequence v2.1. Allele proportions in 1 Mb bins and 10 Mb sliding windows also are provided for the introgression lines.