The Alaska Lake and Pond Occurrence Dataset (ALPOD) is a spatially explicit map of lakes and ponds across Alaska and their seasonal fluctuations. The core product is an open water occurrence raster that: (a) separates lakes and ponds from other components of the landscape (e.g., rivers and wetlands); (b) is built from Sentinel-2 imagery and has 10-m resolution; and (c) records the percentages of time that each pixel was open water and attached to a lake or pond during the 2016-2021 ice-free seasons at near-daily temporal resolution. The number of water bodies depends on the chosen occurrence threshold, but a conservative estimate is that ALPOD maps over 800,000 lakes and ponds larger than 0.001 km2. The lake occurrence rasters are tiled by UTM zone and latitude. ALPOD also includes a vector product defined using a 25% occurrence threshold. ALPOD was created using a U-Net lake identification model and manual inspection to produce a maximum possible lake extent mask. This mask serves as the region of interest for an adaptive NDWI threshold water classification algorithm written in Google Earth Engine (GEE), which was used to classify open water within the maximum lake mask in every available cloud- and ice-free Sentinel-2 image during the study period. ALPOD is suitable for investigations of individual water bodies as well as lake and pond patterns across Alaska. The data are provided in GeoTIFF and shapefile formats.