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A national dataset of rasterized building footprints for the U.S.

Metadata Updated: January 20, 2026

The Bing Maps team at Microsoft released a U.S.-wide vector building dataset in 2018, which includes over 125 million building footprints for all 50 states in GeoJSON format. This dataset is extracted from aerial images using deep learning object classification methods. Large-extent modelling (e.g., urban morphological analysis or ecosystem assessment models) or accuracy assessment with vector layers is highly challenging in practice. Although vector layers provide accurate geometries, their use in large-extent geospatial analysis comes at a high computational cost. We used High Performance Computing (HPC) to develop an algorithm that calculates six summary values for each cell in a raster representation of each U.S. state: (1) total footprint coverage, (2) number of unique buildings intersecting each cell, (3) number of building centroids falling inside each cell, and area of the (4) average, (5) smallest, and (6) largest area of buildings that intersect each cell. These values are represented as raster layers with 30 m cell size covering the 48 conterminous states, to better support incorporation of building footprint data into large-extent modelling. We also identify errors in the original building dataset where buildings are systematically over- or undercounted, providing further guidance for their use in geospatial analysis. This Project is funded by NASA’s Biological Diversity and Ecological Forcasting program; Award # 80NSSC18k0341

Access & Use Information

Public: This dataset is intended for public access and use. License: No license information was provided. If this work was prepared by an officer or employee of the United States government as part of that person's official duties it is considered a U.S. Government Work.

Downloads & Resources

Dates

Metadata Created Date January 11, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 20, 2026

Metadata Source

Harvested from DOI USGS DCAT-US

Additional Metadata

Resource Type Dataset
Metadata Created Date January 11, 2026
Metadata Updated Date January 20, 2026
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Maintainer
Identifier http://datainventory.doi.gov/id/dataset/USGS_5e432002e4b0edb47be84652
Data Last Modified 2022-08-28T00:00:00Z
Category geospatial
Public Access Level public
Bureau Code 010:12
Metadata Context https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.jsonld
Metadata Catalog ID https://ddi.doi.gov/usgs-data.json
Schema Version https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema
Catalog Describedby https://project-open-data.cio.gov/v1.1/schema/catalog.json
Datagov Dedupe Retained 20260120143730
Harvest Object Id 9f850196-d368-47f9-a93e-812fe2552c82
Harvest Source Id 2b80d118-ab3a-48ba-bd93-996bbacefac2
Harvest Source Title DOI USGS DCAT-US
Metadata Type geospatial
Old Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": -124.76, 24.52, -124.76, 49.38, -66.94, 49.38, -66.94, 24.52, -124.76, 24.52}
Source Datajson Identifier True
Source Hash 9d8fcf069787831f918afa8aade83dc94d3639c8a72ef2aa3d55fab79a34501b
Source Schema Version 1.1
Spatial {"type": "Polygon", "coordinates": -124.76, 24.52, -124.76, 49.38, -66.94, 49.38, -66.94, 24.52, -124.76, 24.52}

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